Lecture notes disease and society in america science. Hiv human immuno deficiency virus is a virus that enters blood. V virus a virus can only reproduce itself by taking over a cell in the body of its host aids a acquired aids is not something you inherit from your parents. Aids is a disease which has the following elements. Anyhow, that broke the francoamerican diplomatic tension, and now one began to realize that hiv or human immunodeficiency virus attacked t helper cells and preferentially infected t helper cells by virtue of the ability of the virus particle to dock itself to the cd4.
Hiv1, which is the primary cause of aids worldwide, and hiv2, found mostly in west africa. Links to bio 43536345 hivaids lecture notes, as pdf files. A similar cellular picture is seen in some cases of feline leukemia and htlv1 infection, i. In ethiopia hivaids has spread very fast in the last fifteen years and it has produced devastating effects. The human immunodeficiency viruses 1 and 2 hiv1, hiv2 originated from the simian immunodeficiency viruses sivs of primates.
Hiv means human immune deficiency virus and its rising incidence leading to aids acquired immune deficiency syndrome has been posing grave globally to the lives of people especially women. Hiv 1 was first isolated in 1983 and hiv 2 in 1986 and they represent two different epidemics. In 1983, a retrovirus, now called human immunodeficiency virus hiv, had been identified as the cause of aids. There is a declined incidence amount of new infections during a certain time period of people with hiv infections but prevalence of aids is up the amount of total infections new and old men who have sex with men are. Hiv aids human immunodeficiency virus infection acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Since it was first recognised in 1981 it has killed more than 25 million people. Hiv is spread through contact with the blood, semen, preseminal fluid, rectal fluids, vaginal fluids, or breast milk of a person with hiv. Anyone infected with hiv, although healthy, can still transmit the virus to another person.
People living with hivaids can lead healthy and fulfilling lives and continue to contribute to the society. The human immunodeficiency viruses 1 and 2 hiv 1, hiv 2 originated from the simian immunodeficiency viruses sivs of primates. Introduction to hiv, aids and sexually transmitted infection surveillance. Students will know how hiv and other stds are and are not transmitted. Hivaids lecture notes 3 introduction people have been warned about hiv and aids for over twenty years now. Introduction to monitoring and evaluation september 2004 family health international. Hiv attacks any cell that has this binding structure. View notes hiv my lecture notes from hiv 001 at university of eastern africa, baraton. Information on treatment, history, and epidemiology of hiv, and aids advocacy. Oct 29, 2014 hiv is a virus that damages the immune system.
In ethiopia hiv aids has spread very fast in the last fifteen years and it has produced devastating effects. Nov 29, 2018 aids is a condition that can arise from an advanced stage of infection with hiv. Asia 4 prevalence of hivaids in the region table 1. Structure of the hiv genome and the viral promoter elements. The role of std prevention and treatment in hiv prevention. 70% men, 30% women half of all new infections in us occur in people 25 or younger. Thus, hiv 1 and hiv 2 each had a zoonotic origin but now spread directly from human to human. Today we know it as human immunodeficiency virus hiv. This session provides nursing and midwifery students with basic information about hiv and aidsthe causes, transmission routes, stages of progression, clinical management and associated challenges. A compilation of facts and product information mahatma gandhi marg indraprastha estate, new delhi 12 tel. The possibility of hiv transmission from mother to child can be reduced to the minimum by taking medical help right from conception onwards. G promote respect for and dignity of persons living with hiv or aids.
Hiv1 was first isolated in 1983 and hiv2 in 1986 and they represent two different epidemics. By 1983 the human immunodeficiency virus hiv, the virus that causes aids, had been isolated. I immunodeficiency hiv weakens your immune system by destroying important cells that fight disease and infection. Free hiv aids books download ebooks online textbooks. Learning objectives slide 3 by the end of the session, students will be able to. Hiv h human this particular virus can only infect human beings. The only way to know for sure if you have hiv is to get tested. Hiv aids has become a major public health problem worldwide. Students will address unfounded stereotypes and myths regarding hiv and aids and people living with hiv. Hiv uses the machinery of the cd4 cells to multiply and spread throughout the body.
Its a requirement for each student to sit for a minimum of two written cats 20% or 30%, two assignments 10% and a main exam 70%. Introduction to hiv, aids and sexually transmitted infection. Hiv is a lifelong condition, and without treatment, a person with hiv can develop aids, which makes the. Divide the class into groups, each group having not more than 56 learners. Hiv notes 1 hiv notes hiv particles grey covering a white blood cell. Cd4 cells are a type of white blood cell that play a major role in protecting the body from infection.
On its surface, hiv carries a protein structure that recognizes and binds only with a specific structure found on the outer surface of certain cells. In parts 1 and 2 of this module, you learnt about the basic principles underlying the transmission, diagnosis, management and prevention of communicable diseases, and the application of this knowledge to vaccinepreventable diseases, malaria, tuberculosis and leprosy. The acronym hiv stands for human immunodeficiency virus. The following are the causes through a person can get affected with an hiv and aids.
Hivaids has become a major public health problem worldwide. The human immunodeficiency virus hiv is a lentivirus that causes hiv infection and over time acquired immunodeficiency syndrome aids. Hivaids pandemic in the us in the us, hiv has killed over 600,000, exceeding all us combatrelated deaths in all wars fought in the 20th century 1. Notes for slide presentation the stdhiv interrelationship. If a member in a family has hiv, all other members have the possibility of harboring hiv.
V virus a virus can only reproduce itself by taking over a cell in the body of its host. Lecturenotesforsexuallytransmitteddiseases 9 testing. It attacks the immune system the bodys defense against disease. Ministry of health guidelines for hivaids diagnosis and treatment published with decision no. Hivaids lecture notes 1 muranga university of technology unit. Hiv is a lifelong condition, and without treatment, a person with hiv can develop aids, which makes the immune system too weak to fight off disease. Introduction to hiv aids origin, theories and history of the pandemic the origin of aids and hiv has puzzled. Links to bio 43536v95 hivaids lecture notes, as pdf files. However, some of us still dont know exactly what hiv and aids actually are hiv is a virus.
Esparza1 abstract the best longterm hope for controlling the human immunodeficiency virus acquired immunodeficiency syndrome hivaids pandemic is a safe, effective and affordable preventive vaccine, but its development has encountered unprecedented scientific challenges. Hivaids this course will be conducted using lectures, discussions and presentations. Free hiv aids books download ebooks online textbooks tutorials. The first cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome aids were reported in the united states in the spring of 1981. Introduction to hiv and aids overview of the pandemic from the national library of medicine abridged by page 2 of 40 chapter 1 introduction to hivaids the first cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome aids were reported in the united states in the spring of 1981.
Aids is a condition that can arise from an advanced stage of infection with hiv. O in addition, the direct physical, psychological and social consequences of stis have a major impact on quality of life and are a prime indicator of the quality of global sexual and reproductive health care. We look at symptoms, progression, transmission, medication. Hivaids pandemic, the role of substance abuse in the spread of aids was clearly established. We look at symptoms, progression, transmission, medication, and management strategies.
A facilitators training guide a usaid resource for prevention, care and treatment core module 1. Hiv2 is restricted to west africa, although there are imported cases in the uk. National reference laboratory stdaids cooperative central laboratory hiv aids 2. Thus, hiv1 and hiv2 each had a zoonotic origin but now spread directly from human to human. G use effective verbal and nonverbal communication skills to prevent sexual involvement, hiv, other stds, and unintended pregnancy. Hiv or aids the human immunodeficiency virus hiv is the cause of one of the most destructive human pandemics in recorded history. Magic lecture notes dsp lecture notes first aid lecture notes lecture notes on sent os ai lecture notes pdf lecture notes new media lecture notes econometrics lecture notes hypermedia lecture notes surgery lecture notes pdf infographic lecture notes leadership lecture notes pdf lecture notes in mathematics pdf hiv and aids lecture notes. Introduction to hiv, aids and sexually transmitted. G develop a plan to avoid, hiv, aids, and other stds, and pregnancy. The 5 0 ltr promoter consists of three structural sequence elements, u3 nt. Testing and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases stds can be an effective tool in preventing the spread of hiv, the virus that causes aids. Aids the acronym for acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
Introduction to hivaids origin, theories and history of the pandemic the origin of aids and hiv has puzzled. This booklet aims to help you understand hivaids more clearly by answering some of the questions that you may have and provide you with information on hivaids as well as the aid for aids programme that is available to members living with hiv of contracted medical schemes and companies. Asia 4 prevalence of hiv aids in the region table 1. About one in every four canadians with hiv does not know they have it.
Hiv and aids derrick willard providence day school 2. Aids is the result of progression of hiv infection. National reference laboratory stdaids cooperative central laboratory hiv is the virus that causes aids. Hiv attacks and destroys the cd4 cells of the immune system. By 1983 the human immunodeficiency virus hiv, the virus that. Tadesse anteneh for his advice, encouragement, and support in the preparation of this lecture note. Aids has already killed millions of people, millions more continue to become infected with hiv, and theres no cure so aids will be around for a while yet. Hiv is thought to have entered into humans somewhere between 1914 and 1940. This process, which is carried out in seven steps or stages, is called the hiv life cycle. Injection drug use idu was identified as a direct route of hiv. Ppt hiv notes powerpoint presentation free to download. Hiv infection in the era of highly active antiretroviral treatment and some of its associated complications. Discuss the scale of hiv and aids globally and in their.
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